Let’s talk ears! Dogs and cats have extremely good hearing but, unfortunately, they often develop problems with their ears that we, as owners, need to address.

It is common for dogs and cats to develop infections or parasite infestations in their ears. One such infestation are ear mites. It is common for cats, especially barn or outdoor cats, to have ear mite infestations.

These parasites are small white bugs that live in the ear and produce a dry, dark discharge in the ear. Often this creates a very itchy ear. Dogs can also have ear mite infestations, but it is not as common as in their feline friends. Ear mites are generally seen in younger animals, it is uncommon for older pets to have this issue. If one has very good vision and looks carefully in the ear of a pet it is possible to see these mites, although diagnosis is often best done with a microscope. Most treatments for ear mites involve drops or lotions that are applied in the ear for a course of treatment. It is possible to have mite infestations reoccur. Currently, some topical flea preventatives can also treat ear mites, so for cats that get reoccurring infections this may be the best treatment/prevention for your pet.

Ear infections are generally one of two main types, yeast or bacteria. Yeast infections are seen more often in dogs that like to swim, such as retrievers. Yeast likes to grow in dark damp areas. An ear that often gets wet and hangs down, limiting airflow is more likely to develop a yeast infection. This type of problem often produces a thick dark brown and odoriferous substance. Treatment entails cleaning and anti-fungal topical medications. Although cats can get yeast infections, it is not seen often in that species, perhaps because they don’t swim as much.

Another common source for ear infections is bacteria. There are many types of bacteria that can be infective to the ear canal. Often these infections result in a painful ear with a smelly discharge. Treatment may involve topical and /or oral antibiotics and possible anti-inflammatory medications. In addition to meds you use at home there are some newer treatments that are done in the doctor’s office so you don’t have to treat at home.

Some pets can have a mixed infection of mites, yeast and/or bacteria. If you feel your dog or cat has problems with his ear, you need to have him examined by your veterinarian. Your veterinarian can determine the type of infection/infestation your pet has and provide the appropriate medications.